Current Issue : July-September Volume : 2011 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 3 Articles
Arthritis is derived from the Greek: “arthron” meaning “joint” and “itis” meaning inflammation. Osteoarthritis is a type of arthritis. When knee is affected by osteoarthritis is known as knee osteoarthritis. Many treatments are available; none is universally safe and effective. Therefore, there is need to prepare polyherbal formulations to provide safe and effective treatment. This study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of Osteoarthritis capsule and Oil. These formulations, in patients with knee osteoarthritis. This was 3 months, open-labelled study of these formulations in 19 patients suffering from knee osteoarthritis. Patients received 2 capsules twice daily and Oil to be applied over the knee once times in a day for 3 months. The efficacy was evaluated on the basis of knee osteoarthritis parameters like severity of pain, joint swelling, muscle rubbing, morning stiffness, difficulty in climbing steps, no. of joints involved, joint space. 19 patients completed the study with reduction in symptoms of knee osteoarthritis to varying degrees. Statastical analysis was done by paired‘t’ test. At end of , month 1, 2 and 3, mean score of severity of pain had a fall of 2.36,1.35,0.73 ,joint swelling had a fall of 1.41, 0.68,0.10, muscle rubbing had a fall of 1.42, 0.73, 0.26, morning stiffness had a fall of 1.63, 0.89, 0.36 ,difficulty in climbing steps had a fall of 1.79,1, 0.26, no. of joints involved had a fall of 2.57, 1.31,0.36, joint space had a fall of 0.47, 0.51, 0.55 respectively.. This study confirms the efficacy and safety of these formulations in Indian patients with knee osteoarthritis....
Urolithiasis is affecting 10-12% of the population in industrialized countries. The reoccurrence rate is also high. Ionic strength and activity coefficient are the untouched terms in concern of urolithiasis. In the present study, we evaluated the effect of ionic strength of different urinary electrolytes on CaOx crystallization in vitro. CaOx precipitation was induced by the addition of 0.1M sodium oxalate to artificial urine (n=5) in presence of urinary electrolytes in increasing ionic strength order and in absence of urinary electrolyte (control). The presence of CaOx crystals was evaluated immediately by determining OD at 620 nm, size of crystals and Calcium ion concentration. The results saw inhibitory effect of urinary electrolytes on CaOx crystal growth in artificial urine, suggesting thationic strength may increase the solubility of CaOx crystals by reducing mean molar activity co-efficient, Statistical analysis by comparison of variables of each electrolyte at all levels shows significant difference (P<0.05). Multiple Turkey�s t-test concluded that difference is significant at all ionic strength level (P<0.0001). Electrolyte therapy could be used as an alternative form of treatment. The same can be utilize for the prevention of urolithiasis....
Influenza virus is globally important respiratory pathogen which causes a high degree of morbidity and mortality in Humans and Animals annually. The type A virus is the most virulent human pathogen among the three influenza types and causes most severe disease. Influenza A viruses are further classified on the basis of virus surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA or H) and neuraminidase (NA or N). Influenza virus attachment to the susceptible cell is mediated by the interaction between the viral hemagglutinin and sialic acid receptors present on glycolipids and glycoproteins on the cell surface, that is the base for drug designing. The main aim of this paper is to analyse the role of environmental mutation on the infection causing ability of avian influenza virus. For this purpose sequences belonging to same part (segment 4) of the viral strain H3N2 were collected from different geographical area for the year 2008 and were subjected to molecular phylogenetics analysis by phylogenetics tree construction. Sequences belonging to same location clustered together hence proving the importance of environmental mutations on infection causing ability. Therefore environmental mutations can be considered to be an important factor for evolution and dominance of strains for pathogencity....
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